Protective lining for vessels



July 3l, 1934- L. A. M'EKLER 1,968,088-

PPQTECTIVE LINING OR VESSELS Filed Sept. 15, 1930 Patented July l31, 1934 1,9ss,os""' PROTECTIVE mmc. Fon vE'ssELs Lev A. Mekler, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Universal Oil Products Company, Chicago, Ill.; a corporation of South Dakota Application september 15, 1930, serial No. 481,828 I 6 claims. (c1. 19e-13s) This invention relates to improvements in protective linings for vessels, and refers particularly to a freely expanding corrugated protective liner for vessels operated at high temperature.

The invention is primarily directed to a means4 for preventing distortion and damage, due principally to unequal expansion and contraction, to protective liners which are subjected to high temperature and, in its specic embodiment, the in- 10 vention comprises a protective liner of metal or any other suitable material which may be corrugated in such a manner that unusual expansion and contraction due to excessive changes in temperatures will be substantially absorbed by the corrugations, obviating distortion and damage to. the liner. i

The advantages and features of the inventionv will be more apparent by reference to the accompanying drawing, which is diagrammatic and not drawn to scale, and serves to illustrate a specific application of the improved liner 4as applied to the'reaction chamber of a cracking process.

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a reaction chamber, shown partly in section, provided with my invention. 1

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same chamber also shown partially in cross-section.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a portion of-the chamber wall and liner, taken around the circumference of the chamber along line 3-3 in Fig. 1.

Referring in detail to the drawing, 1 indicates a reaction chamber having Walls 2 and ports or manholes 3 at the top and bottom of the chamber. Manholes 3 are provided with flanges or cover plates 4. The entire inner surface of the chambenor any desiredportion thereof may be protected by a liner 5 having corrugations 6,

` le which take up or absorb yexpansion and contraction of the liner.

The liner may, if desired, be constructed lof metal or any other suitable material, for example,-

substance, and pressed into corrugated sheets, or otherwise formed to the desired shape. The material used must possess suicient elasticity to permit corrugations 6 to take up any substantial expansionor contraction which may occur in the material due to temperature. changes. The material preferably may also be one which is not easily embrittled, cracked or destroyed at high temperatures, and which, if at all susceptble to corrosion, will not be rapidly corroded or destroyed by any material which may be present in the zone in which the liner is used. A material may, of course, be used which eventually may be destroyed or rendered useless for the protection of the vessel, but if such material is used it must be such, or used under such conditions that replacements will be necessary at infrequent intervals.

When applied to vessels wherein material, whichin itself is protective, is deposited within the vessel, for example, in cracking and coking operations where the oil treated leaves a deposit of carbonaceous material, this improved liner possesses advantageous features in addition to those already mentioned. As an example, the corrugations' in the liner form surfaces to which coke or carbon may readily adhere so that in cleaning the vessel after a cracking or coking operation, the spaces 7 in the liner may remain substantially filled with carbonaceous material. This carbonaceous deposit forms an additional protective surface over the liner and also serves as a heat insulator, protecting the walls of the chamber against excessive temperatures. When used in operations of this character, the liner need not, necessarily, be of anti-corrosion or heat-resistant material.

The nature of this improved liner permits single piece or integral construction; in other Words, if weldable metal is used, sheets of metal may be Welded into a one-piece liner with no expansion joints other than the corrugations proi vided. IThe invention is, however, not to be limited to any specific form of construction, or any particular method of applying the liner, inasmuch 100 as the invention broadly contemplates the provision of a protective liner for vessels subjected to relatively high temperature, or temperatures, which rapidly change from a relatively low value 105 to a relatively high value, which when subjected to such extreme conditions will freely expand or contract without buckling, rupturing or being rendered inoperative. To permit free expansion of the liner the inner troughs' of the corruga- 110 tions may, if desired, he spaced a relatively small distance from the inner walls of the vessel.

ll claim as my invention:

l, In combination, a vessel adapted to be subjected to relatively nigh temperatures or rapidly changing temperatures, and a lining therefor which comprises a substantially completely corrugated member disposed adjacent and spaced a relatively short distance from the entire inner walls of the vessel.

2. In combination, a vessel subjected to relatively high temperatures or rapidly changing mperatures, and relatively thin substantially completely corrugated member of noncorrosive material disposed.- over and adjacent the entire inner walls oi the vessel.

3. Xn combination with a closed vessel utilized in treating corrosive fluids under elevated temperatures, a protective lining for the internal walls of'said vessels, comprising a totally corrugated sheet disposed within and covering such internal walls in their entirety, said corrugated Sheet having corrosion-resistant properties.

d. lin combination with a vessel utilized inthe treatment of corrosive fluids under relatively high temperatures, a protective lining therefor, comprising a corrosion-resistant metallic eierecense ment, substantially completely corrugated in form, disposed within and adjacent to the interior walls of said vessel so as to completely cover and protect the same.

5. in combination, a vessel subjected to relatively high temperatures or rapidly changing temperatures and adapted for the destructive distillation of hydrocarbon materials, and a lining member disposed adjacent the inner Walls of the vessel, said lining member being substantially completely corrugated in form whereby the oarbonaceous residue from said distillation will adhere to the grooves of said corrugations and form a protecting surface.

6. ln combination, a vessel subjected to relatively high temperatures or rapidly changing temperatures and adapted for the destructive distillation of hydrocarbon materials, and a lining member disposed adjacent and spaced a relatively short distance from the inner walls of the vessel, said lining member being substantially completely corrugated in form whereby the carbonaceous residue from said distillation will adhere to the grooves of said corrugations and form a protecting surface. O

LEV A. MEKLER. 

